ezfgT{No s/ gzikph dh tos'A bJh ;kcaNt/no
gzikth y'iekoK B/ gzikph Gk;ak d/ ;kcaNt/no fsnko
ehs/ jB. nwohek d/ vk ae[bphe f;zx fEzd B{z gzikph c"ANK dk fgskwk fejk
iKdk j?. T[BQK ;G s'A gfjbK 1984 ftu ezfgT{No c"AN fsnko ehs/. c"ANK
dh e"wKsoh :{Bhe'v seBkb'ih ftef;s j'D Bkb j[D fe;/ th w?No B{z fJzNoB?ZN
T[Zs/ ukVQBk ns/ d/yDk ;ykbk j' frnk j?.
ezfgT{No ns/ ;wkoN c'N’ s/ gzikph Gk;ak ftu NkJhg eoB bJh nB/eK NkJhfgzr
;[ftXktK s/ tov g'q;Z;o gq'rokw pD uZe/ jB. tos'eko n?Zwn?Z; tov nZyo row[yh
:{Bhe'v NkJhfgzr g?v, e[fJZb g?v, r{rb fbjheko nkfd ezfgT{No gq'rokwK dh wdd
Bkb gzikph NkJhg dk ezw eo ;edk j?. gzikph NkJhfgzr d/ r[o f;ZyD ns/ ocasko th
fsnko j' uZ[e/ jB.
wkJheo';acaN d[nkok tov ftu tZyo/ ’go{}fcazzzr N{b*
okjhFA gzikph ;g?Zb ns/ ro?wo u?Zeo dh ;[ftXk wj[ZJhnk eotkJh rJh j?. vk a
r[ogqhs f;Zx bfjb tZb'A fsnko ehs/ nzyo 2016 tov g'q;?Z;o ftu rpow[yh ;akjg[yh
d/tBkroh ns/ o'wB (nzro/iah) ftu NkJhg eoB c"AN eBtoN eoB fbghnzsoB ns/
nB[tkd eoB U;hnko tosD s'A b? e/ ;gZ?b ns/ ro?wo uZe dh ;[ftXk ;awko j?. gzikph
:Bhtof;Nh ftu/ fsnko ehs/ ;g?Zb u?Zeo B{z nkBbkJhB tfofsnk ik ;edk j?
gzikph d/ tZy tZy c"NK ftu ftubhnK fGzBsktK Bkb
BfizmD bJh c"AN eBtoNo BK d/ gq'rokwK dk ftek; ehsk frnk j?. c"AN
eBtoNo g'qrokw d/ w'Yh iBw/ik f;zx i'jb
dk g'qrokw vkT{Bb'v eoe/ tofsnk ik ;edk j?. gzikph :{Bhtof;Nh d[nkok fsnko ehs/
gq'rokw B{z nkBbkJhB tofjsnk ik ;edk j?. fJ;/ soQK (n?rb' ;kcaN vkN ekw) s/
T[gbpX g'qrokw gzikph fo;'o; ;?ZNo dk ’r[Zek’ gq'rokw ns/ pkpk pbfizdo f;zx
(okVk ;kfjp) dk ’fe;aB wkJheo'whvhnk* dh tos'A c"AN gbNkT[D bJh ehsh ;edh
j?.
gzikph :{Bhtof;Nh tZb'A fsnko ehs/ nzro/iah gzikph
e';a s'A nkw p'b ukb/ ezfgT{No ns/ seBheh ;apdK d/ noE th t/y/ ik ;ed/ jB. fJj
e';a (ww.meracomputer.com) ;hvh o{g nkBnkJhB ns/ w'pkJhb n?g d/ o{g ftu T[gbpX
j?. fJ; s'A fJbktk wjkB e'';a (vkT{Bb'v) gzikph ghvhnk gzikph :{Bhtof;Nh dh
N"fge fve;aBoh ns/ r[ow[yh^;akjw[yh nzzzro/iah fve;aBoh B{z ;pzfXs
t?Zp;kJhNK s'A tofsnk ik ;edk j?.
nzro/iah Gk;ak okjhA gzikph f;ykT[D tkbh gzikph
:{Bhtof;Nh dh Jh^boB gzikph t?ZpkJhN wK vkN ekw s/ r[owoyh toBwkbk pko/ nkvhU
foekofvzr f;Zy g[nkfJzN s/ gzikph f;ZyD bJh fdbu;g r/wK gzikph nkBnkJhb s/
wjZstg{oB ikDekoh 5^nkp vkN ekw ns/ f;Zy fbze s/ gzikph gkm, oki eo/rk yakb;k
ns/ gkb ro'; dh t?Zp;kJhN s/ doi gzikph
gkmK dh tos' ehsh ik ;edh j?.
gzikph Gk;ak bJh nkgo/fNzr f;wNw ns/ Gk;akJh etu(lip)
gq'rokwK dk ftek; j' uZek j?. ;h vZ?e tZb'A p"; Bk dk nkgo/fNzr f;;Nw
fsnko ehsk frnk j?. wkJheo';kcN tZb'A ftzv'ia ns/ nkfca; nJh Gk;akJh etu (LIP)
g'qrokw fsnko ehs/ rJ/ jB.
ezfgT{No gq'rokwK okjhA r[ow[yh, ;akjw[hy, d/tBkroh
ns/ o'wB fbgh dofwnkB pdbkU eoBk n;kB j' frnk j?. gpzikph :{Bhtof;N dh
t?Zp;kJhn s/ ;akjw[yh row[yh ns/ fjzdh^T[od{ dofwnkB fbghnszo eoB dh ;[ftXk
;akjw[yh ;akjw[yh dofwnkB fbjhnzsoB eoB tkbk gq'rokw th t?Zp;kJhN s'A r[ow[yh
d/tBkroh ftu fbghnzsoB eoB dh ;[ftXk tosh ik ;edh j?.
ezfgT{No okjhA nB{tkd eoB tkb/ g'qrokwK B/ Gk;ak ns/
;kfjs d/ gk;ko B{z ftek; dhnk p[bzdhnK s/ gj[zukfJnk j?. ;G s'A gfjbk gzikph
s'A fjzdh nB{tkd gq'rokw (;zgoe) fJzvhnB fJz;NhfuT{N nkca fJBcow/;aB NeBkb'ih (IIT)
j?dokpkd d[nkok fsnko ehsk frnk gzikph :{Bhtof;Nh B/ fjzdh j'A gq'rokwK dk
ftek; ehsk j? I' gzikph bJh pD/ ezfgT{No y'I e/Ado dh t?Zp;kJhN s'A tos/ ik ;ed/ jB. nzro/iah s'A gzikph
nB{tkd bJh ;zuko ns/ ;{uBk seBkb'ih wzsokbk BthA fdZbh ns/ r{rb B/ T[gokbk ehsk
j?.
n;No/bhnk d/ pbtzs f;zx T[Zgb ns/ nwohek d/ vk
ae[bpho f;zx fEZd B/ rpopkDh dk ezfgT{NoheoB eoB u ;abkxk:'r ezw ehsk j?.vk afEzd
dk r[pkDh bJh pDkfJnk frnk vkNkp/; eJh tZpk;JhN ns/ gq'rokw xkV{nK d[nkok tofsnk
ik fijk j?. r[opkDh dh e'Jh th s[e ;apd tkeK;a nkfd pko/ ikDekoh d/D tkb/ ;ou
fJiB B{z ;qh rqzE t?p;kJhN s'A tofsnk ik ;edk j?. nkJh e/13 s/ (Jh;ao
wkJhe'qwhvhnk) ;qh r[o{ rzqE ;kfjp d/ fszB Nhe/ tkoK GkJh r[odk; ih dk efpZs,
wjkB e';a, caohde'N tkbk Nhek, GkJh ;zg'y f;zx dk ;hq r[o{ gqskg ;{oi rqzE
frnkBh frnkB f;zx dk stkohe r[o{ yakb;k nkfd ;o's T[gbpX jB. ;a'qwDh r[od[nkok
gqpzXe ew/Nh dh t?Zp;kJhN (Websites) s/ th nw[Zb ikDekoh T[gb[X j?. fJ; s'A fJbktk
gzikph Gk;ak d/ ftek; ns/ gquko gq;ko bJh c"ANK eh p'ovk NkJhfgzr ftXhnK
Gk;akJh n"iaoK ns/ j'oBK ;kcNt/noK dk ftek; j' uZ[ek j?.
fiBQK ftZu'A otkfJsh ns/ :{Bhe'v c"ZN ehp'ov
yakek fB;afus eoB tkb/ gq'rokw c"AN gbkNkT{ g'qrokw gkm ;zgkde (Text
Editor) ns/ NkJhfgzr fNT{No, ;apd I'V ftnkeoB fBohye ns/ ;apd e';a, o{g ftfrnkB
ft;ab/;aae (Mropholgical Analyser) ;a/qDh
;z:'oe (POS Tagger) tkeK;a fBy/Ve (Phrase
Chunker) ns/ Gk;akJh n"iako, uzikph
nfXn? nfXnkgB g'qrokw, ;iu fJziB, nB[tkd (Translation) ns/ fbghnzsoB (Transliteration) g'qrokw, U;hnko (Optical
Character Recognition) gzikph gkm
;zy/geko gq'rokw (Recognition), gkm B{z nktkia u pdbD tkbk g'qrokw, gqikph
nkgoo/fNzr f;;Nw, gzikph tZp pqkT{Io ns// gzikph :{nkon?ba dh ;pftXk, w'pkJhb
n?gia nkfd w[Zy jB.
gzikph Gk;ak d/ ezfgT{NoheoB bJh gzikph
:{Bhtof;Nh gfjNnkbk, Ekgo :{Bhtof;Nh fgNknkbk, ;hv?Ze g{Bk B"fJvk w[jkbh
nkJhnkJhNh ekBg[o, nkJhnkJhnkJhNh (I.I.T) j?dokpkd, ;hnkJhnkJhn?ZB, w?;{o, b'e ;[ikor,
bkj"o (gkfe;skB), wkJh eo';kcaB r{rb ;{uNk s/ ;auko seBkb'ih wzsokbk (MIT)
BthA fdZbh nkfd ndkfonK B/ s;Zbhpy;a ezw dhsk j?. fco th T[Zu r[DtZdsk tkb/
w;ahBh nB{tjd ;kcaNt/nok, gzikph r[iw[yh T[g Gk;akJh gq;rokWK, w;ahBh nB{tkd
;acaNt/noK, gzikph r[ow[yh T{g^Gk;akJh gq'rokwK, f;nkDg tkb/ gzikph gq'qrokwK,
;'jD/ :{Bhe'v c"ANK, gzikph w'pkJhb n?gia, p'b s'A fbys s'A p'b seBkb'ih
dh tZvh b'V wfj;{; ehsh ik ojh j?.
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